Glass production is a high-temperature operation, and the molten glass can erode the refractory material of the kiln. Due to the influence of high temperature, flame and flying materials, the refractory material will affect the life of the furnace once it is eroded and destroyed. If the glass liquid is polluted, it will seriously affect the quality of the glass, so the refractory materials used in the glass furnace should be strictly required.

Refractory materials commonly used in glass melting furnaces are mainly divided into four categories: cast refractories, sintered refractories, unshaped refractories and insulated refractories.

1. Fused cast refractory has excellent resistance to glass liquid erosion and alkali vapor erosion, and is the key part of the furnace building materials. Fused cast refractory material is mainly the raw material by electric furnace melting after casting, and then after annealing and mechanical processing, its microstructure is more uniform than the general refractory material.

Its melting process has two kinds of oxidation method and reduction method.

Reduction melting method: the graphite electrode is directly inserted into the molten liquid;

Oxidative melting method: the graphite electrode and the molten liquid are not in contact, and oxygen is blown in at an appropriate time. But more power is needed.

2. Sintered refractory is an important supporting refractory material used in large quantities in melting furnaces. Commonly used varieties are silica brick, alkaline brick, zircon brick, zirconium mullite brick, mullite brick, silica lintstone brick, high alumina brick, clay brick and so on.

3, the amount of unshaped refractory materials currently accounts for only 3% to 4% of the amount of refractory materials in the furnace, but it is very important for the furnace age. The use of unshaped refractory materials in glass kilns is also a momentum of development. The British use of refractory concrete precast block masonry regenerator, lattice brick bottom arch, flue, small furnace pallet, burner, etc., greatly reducing the joints of the kiln structure, significantly speeding up the furnace construction speed and shortening the cold repair time. Generally, the unshaped refractory material shall be of the same material as the shaped material. Therefore, the commonly used varieties and their corresponding shaped refractory composition is equivalent.

4. The heat insulation refractory material requires low density, low thermal conductivity, good heat preservation effect, high refractoriness and mechanical strength, and does not react with the contact refractory material. Commonly used insulation refractory materials are lightweight insulation brick, insulation board and insulation (lightweight) castable, insulation coating and refractory fiber.

Glass furnace in the selection of refractory materials, should consider the following factors:

Should be based on the design of the kiln, the provisions of the operating environment (raw material composition and material melting requirements, temperature system, atmosphere, pressure, and fuel combustion flame conditions, etc.) and refractory burning, erosion reasons to select and configure the corresponding refractory.

Should be based on the design of the kiln age of the glass kiln, as well as the use of various parts of the kiln refractory burning, erosion rate to select the configuration can achieve the design of the kiln age and reduce the burning and erosion of the physical and chemical performance indicators, the appearance of the size of the refractory material to meet the requirements.

At the temperature of use, two different refractory materials that will chemically react together should be avoided. Where necessary, transition bricks or layers shall also be provided between two different refractory masonry. Otherwise, the lowest eutectic point will be formed, which will accelerate the burning and erosion of refractory materials, and greatly affect the kiln life of the glass kiln.

The refractory material used in the contact part with the glass liquid should minimize the transverse brick joint to avoid the upward drilling erosion. (especially fused zirconium corundum brick), otherwise it will cause the material to be eroded faster.

When building refractory materials, the required refractory mud should be the same as the brick. Refractory materials and refractory mud of different materials shall not be mixed.

In the selection and configuration of refractory materials, should be economical and reasonable, with appropriate, the selection of high-grade refractory materials, the selection of high-grade refractory materials. Otherwise, it will not only affect the glass kiln age, but also cause great waste and poor economic rationality.

As the core equipment of glass production, the technical level of furnace is also improving. The technological progress of the kiln requires a variety of high-quality refractory materials as a guarantee condition, requiring refractory materials to withstand higher temperatures, more rapid temperature changes, more intense chemical erosion, more severe stress damage. Only supporting the application of many varieties of high-quality refractory materials, kiln new technology of high efficiency, energy saving, low pollution and other advantages can be realized.